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Circular Doubly Linked List

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Circular Doubly Linked List

Circular doubly linked list is a more complexed type of data structure in which a node contain pointers to its previous node as well as the next node. Circular doubly linked list doesn’t contain NULL in any of the node. The last node of the list contains the address of the first node of the list. The first node of the list also contain address of the last node in its previous pointer.

A circular doubly linked list is shown in the following figure.

Circular Doubly Linked List

Due to the fact that a circular doubly linked list contains three parts in its structure therefore, it demands more space per node and more expensive basic operations. However, a circular doubly linked list provides easy manipulation of the pointers and the searching becomes twice as efficient.

Memory Management of Circular Doubly linked list

The following figure shows the way in which the memory is allocated for a circular doubly linked list. The variable head contains the address of the first element of the list i.e. 1 hence the starting node of the list contains data A is stored at address 1. Since, each node of the list is supposed to have three parts therefore, the starting node of the list contains address of the last node i.e. 8 and the next node i.e. 4. The last node of the list that is stored at address 8 and containing data as 6, contains address of the first node of the list as shown in the image i.e. 1. In circular doubly linked list, the last node is identified by the address of the first node which is stored in the next part of the last node therefore the node which contains the address of the first node, is actually the last node of the list.

Circular Doubly Linked List

Operations on circular doubly linked list :

There are various operations which can be performed on circular doubly linked list. The node structure of a circular doubly linked list is similar to doubly linked list. However, the operations on circular doubly linked list is described in the following table.

SN Operation Description
1 Insertion at beginning Adding a node in circular doubly linked list at the beginning.
2 Insertion at end Adding a node in circular doubly linked list at the end.
3 Deletion at beginning Removing a node in circular doubly linked list from beginning.
4 Deletion at end Removing a node in circular doubly linked list at the end.

Traversing and searching in circular doubly linked list is similar to that in the circular singly linked list.

C program to implement all the operations on circular doubly linked list

Output:

*********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  1    Enter Item value123    Node inserted    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  2    Enter value234    node inserted    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  1    Enter Item value90    Node inserted    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  2    Enter value80    node inserted    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  3    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  4    node deleted    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  6     printing values ...   123    *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ===============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  5    Enter item which you want to search?  123  item found at location 1  *********Main Menu*********    Choose one option from the following list ...    ============================================    1.Insert in Beginning  2.Insert at last  3.Delete from Beginning  4.Delete from last  5.Search  6.Show  7.Exit    Enter your choice?  7  

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