You can use the following basic syntax to group rows by week in a pandas DataFrame:
#convert date column to datetime and subtract one week df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date']) - pd.to_timedelta(7, unit='d') #calculate sum of values, grouped by week df.groupby([pd.Grouper(key='date', freq='W')])['values'].sum()
This particular formula groups the rows by week in the date column and calculates the sum of values for the values column in the DataFrame.
The following example shows how to use this syntax in practice.
Example: How to Group by Week in Pandas
Suppose we have the following pandas DataFrame that shows the sales made by some company on various dates:
import pandas as pd
#create DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame({'date': pd.date_range(start='1/5/2022', freq='D', periods=15),
'sales': [6, 8, 9, 5, 4, 8, 8, 3, 5, 9, 8, 3, 4, 7, 7]})
#view DataFrame
print(df)
date sales
0 2022-01-05 6
1 2022-01-06 8
2 2022-01-07 9
3 2022-01-08 5
4 2022-01-09 4
5 2022-01-10 8
6 2022-01-11 8
7 2022-01-12 3
8 2022-01-13 5
9 2022-01-14 9
10 2022-01-15 8
11 2022-01-16 3
12 2022-01-17 4
13 2022-01-18 7
14 2022-01-19 7
Related: How to Create a Date Range in Pandas
We can use the following syntax to calculate the sum of sales grouped by week:
#convert date column to datetime and subtract one week df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date']) - pd.to_timedelta(7, unit='d') #calculate sum of values, grouped by week df.groupby([pd.Grouper(key='date', freq='W')])['sales'].sum() date 2022-01-02 32 2022-01-09 44 2022-01-16 18 Freq: W-SUN, Name: sales, dtype: int64
Here’s how to interpret the output:
- There were 32 total sales made during the week starting the day after 1/2/2022.
- There were 44 total sales made during the week starting the day after 1/9/2022.
- There were 18 total sales made during the week starting the day after 1/16/2022.
It’s worth noting that by default, pandas assumes that the week starts the day after Sunday (W-SUN).
However, according to the documentation you can change this value for Freq.
For example, you can specify Freq=W-MON if you’d like each week to start the day after Monday (i.e. Tuesday) instead.
We can use similar syntax to calculate the max of the sales values grouped by week:
#convert date column to datetime and subtract one week df['date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['date']) - pd.to_timedelta(7, unit='d') #calculate max of values, grouped by week df.groupby([pd.Grouper(key='date', freq='W')])['sales'].max() date 2022-01-02 9 2022-01-09 9 2022-01-16 7 Freq: W-SUN, Name: sales, dtype: int64
Here’s how to interpret the output:
- The max sales on an individual day during the week starting the day after 1/2/2022 was 9.
- The max sales on an individual day during the week starting the day after 1/9/2022 was 9.
- The max sales on an individual day during the week starting the day after 1/16/2022 was 7.
Note: You can find the complete documentation for the groupby operation in pandas here.
Additional Resources
The following tutorials explain how to perform other common operations in pandas:
How to Group by Month in Pandas DataFrame
How to Group by Day in Pandas DataFrame
How to Use Groupby and Count with Condition in Pandas