C++ multiset cend() function

by Online Tutorials Library July 22, 2022

C++ multiset cend()

C++ multiset cend() function is used to return a constant iterator which is next to the last entry in the multiset.

Note:- This is a placeholder. No element exists in this location and attempting to access is undefined behavior.

Syntax

A const_iterator is an iterator that points to constant content.

Parameter

None

Return value

The cend() function returns a constant iterator which is pointing next to the last element of the multiset.

Complexity

Constant.

Iterator validity

No changes.

Data Races

The container is accessed.

Concurrently accessing the elements of a multiset container is safe.

Exception Safety

This member function never throws exceptions.

Example 1

Let’s see the simple example for cend() function:

  #include <iostream>  #include <set>    using namespace std;    int main ()  {    multiset<int> mymultiset = {20,20,30,40,10,10};      cout << “mymultiset contains:”;    for (auto it=mymultiset.cbegin(); it != mymultiset.cend(); ++it)      cout << ‘ ‘ << *it;      cout << ‘n’;      return 0;  }  

Output:

mymultiset contains: 10 10 20 20 30 40

In the above example, cend() function is used to return an iterator pointing next to the last element in the mymultiset multiset.

Example 2

Let’s see a simple example to find the element in the multiset:

  #include <iostream>  #include <string>  #include <set>    using namespace std;    int main ()  {      int val;      multiset<int> c = {10,20,30,30,20};         cout<<“Enter value to find: “;      cin>>val;        auto result = c.find(val);              //find until end of the multiset elements      if (result != c.cend()) {            cout << “Element found: “<< *result;           cout << endl;        } else {            cout << “Element not found.” << endl;        }            return 0;  }  

Output:

Enter value to find: 10  Element found: 10

Example 3

Let’s see a simple example to iterate over the multiset using while loop:

  #include <iostream>  #include <set>  #include <string>  int main()  {      using namespace std;         multiset<string> mymultiset = {“Orange”, “Banana”, “Apple”, “Orange”};        multiset<string>::const_iterator it; // declare an iterator            it = mymultiset.cbegin(); // assign it to the start of the multiset            while (it != mymultiset.cend()) // while it hasn’t reach the end      {          cout << *it <<endl;           // print the value of the element it points to          ++it; // and iterate to the next element      }      cout << endl;  }  

Output:

Apple  Banana  Orange  Orange

In the above example, cend() function is used to return an iterator pointing next to the last element in the mymultiset multiset.

Example 4

Let’s see a simple example:

  #include <iostream>  #include <set>  #include <algorithm>    using namespace std;    int main()  {    multiset<int> c = {3, 1, 2, 1};      for_each(c.cbegin(), c.cend(), [](const int& x) {      cout << x << endl;    });        return 0;  }  

Output:

1  1  2  3

In the above example, cend() function is used to return an iterator pointing next to the last element in the mymultiset multiset.

Next TopicC++ multiset

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C++ multiset cend() function

C++ multiset cend()

Note:- This is a placeholder. No element exists in this location and attempting to access is undefined behavior.

Syntax

Parameter

Return value

Complexity

Iterator validity

Data Races

Exception Safety

Example 1

Example 2

Example 3

Example 4

Underwriting of Shares

C++ Math abs() Functions

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